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Objective To statistically analyze data of blood transfusion from General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command,Mianyang field blood station,Deyang field blood station and other military medical institutions from May 12 to June 30,2008 so as to provided certain references for reasonable blood supportability in wartime and disaster.Methods A statistical analysis was done on data of blood collection and supply including self-taken blood and assembled blood,total amount of blood supply as well as the transfusion information of inpatients injured by earthquake in our hospital.Results The amount of self-taken blood was 5 111 U,the amount of assembled blood 3 380 U and the total amount of blood supply 1 0405.5 U.But blood transfusion was 4 090.6 U in 132 patients admitted into General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command.In addition,the crest-time of transfusion appeared at 96 hours after earthquake.Moreover,patients with fractures received the highest rate of blood transfusion and crush syndrome patients received the most blood transfusion and the highest per capita transfusion.Conclusions Blood supportability in earthquake is different from that in wartime and other disasters in aspects of transfusion time,blood types and blood transfusion volume.It is important to analyze the characteristics of transfusion in patients injured by earthquake for national strategy of blood supportability in disasters and for blood supportability in the wartime.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To show the changes of heat shock protein 70(HSP70) expression at cellular level in different heat exposure stages and the significance of HSP70 expression in heat exposure organism.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The heat exposure model was established in rats with artificial hot climatic chamber[34 +/- 1) degree C, RH 60%]. SD rats were randomly divided into control groups(C) and heat exposure groups(A), and into subgroups including 2, 7, 14, 28 d stages from each one of the groups. The immuno-histochemistry was used to detect HSP70 expression in rat liver and cardiac muscle, and photography analytic software was used to analyze HSP70 expression in liver and cardiac cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression intensity of HSP70 in heat exposure groups(gray values of liver were 137.0 +/- 5.1, 137.0 +/- 5.2, 137.8 +/- 7.1, 139.2 +/- 5.2 respectively; of cardiac muscle 156.1 +/- 4.4, 155.1 +/- 6.2, 155.4 +/- 4.5, 156.2 +/- 5.1 respectively) was stronger than that in control groups(P < 0.01 or P < 0.05) during all stages of the heat exposure; There was no significant difference in expression intensity of HSP70 among various stages of heat exposure; after 2 d of heat exposure, HSP70 expression in cell nuclei of the liver and cardiac muscle cells was stronger than that in cytoplasm in heat exposure group; HSP70 expression in Kupffer's cells of liver was also stronger than that of control(P < 0.05), but not on 7, 14 and 28 d; the activities of alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), creatine kinase(CK) and hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase(HBD) showed an increase on 2 d and 28 d of heat exposure.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The vital organs would be damaged on 2 d of heat exposure. High expression of HSP70 at this stage may be a marker of cell damage; Increased HSP70 expression on 7-14 d of heat exposure may play an important role in adaptation to heat, while long term(28 d) heat exposure, the protection of HSP70 from tissue damage may not be enough.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Adaptation, Physiological , HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins , Heat Stress Disorders , Metabolism , Liver , Metabolism , Myocytes, Cardiac , Metabolism , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The experimental blast lung injuries are as follows: 1.permiability of the alveolar epithclium(AE),capillary endothelium(CE) and their intercellular junctions increased; 2.small vacuoles,large vacuoles formation and cell membrane damage in the AE and CE increased in amounts; 3.blood platelets aggregated and neutrophils trapped in the capillary lumen.These changes are more serious in the CE and especially 72 h after trinitrotoluene(TNT)explosions.These suggest that the CE is more sensitive to blast injury than AE,and the CE damage may be related to the neutrophils trapping and platelets aggregation in the capillary lumens.
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One hundred and fourteen tight junctions of the alveolar epithelium and capillary endothelium in rat lungs were studied with morphometry by freeze-etching technique. Statistically, there was highly significant difference in the following five aspects between alveolar epithelium and capillary endothelium. ( 1 ) Number of strands (4.54?1.86; 2.64?0.67) . (2) Width of tight junction (0.399? 0.268; 0.175?0.075 micron) . (3) Area of tight junction (0.353?0.35; 0.11 ? 0.098 square micron) . (4) Total length of strands (3.97?3.5; 1.47?0.916 micron) . (5) Morphology of strands and pattern of the tight junction. However, there was no significant difference in density of strands of tight juuctions between the alveolar epithelium and capillary endothelium. The functional significance of these differences between alveolar epithelium and capillary endothelium was discussed in detail.